predator and preY
A predator is an organism that eats another organism. The prey is the organism that the predator eats. Predator and prey often evolve together. The prey evolves to keep from being eaten but the predator needs the prey to live so it evolves to be able to catch it. Prey often has good speed, stealth, camouflage, and a good sense of smell, sight, and hearing. The predator often has immunity to a prey poison and has the right mouth and digestive parts to eat its prey.
prey
ice algae
Ice algae is at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean food chain, therefor ice algae is consumed by copepods, a types of zooplankton, and other small organism. Ice algae is found on the bottom of sheets of ice. This species of algae detritus, detritus is a source of nutrients for many organisms the Arctic Ocean.
fISH
There are about 240 different species of fish in the Arctic Ocean. Although due to extreme temperatures not all breeds thrive as well. Fish are prey to polar bear, seals, large crustaceans, whales, and larger fish.
Predator
sharks
Even though sharks usually live in warmer water some species of shark are able to live in the extremely cold temperatures of the Arctic Ocean. They are top of the food chain. They eat many whales, fish, seals, and polar bears.
polar bear
Polar bears live on land but are still are part of the Arctic Ocean food chain. They get most of their food from the ocean even though they live on land. Polar bears eat fish, seals, and sea birds. They are on occasion eaten by Arctic sharks.
both
seals
Seals are both predator and prey. They are an easy Prey for sharks and whale that live in the Arctic because depending on what type of seal they are the either spend most of their time on land or in the ocean. They are also a predator. They eat krill, fish, and penguins.
food web
The food web shows the feeding relationships between a number of organisms at different levels of the ecosystem, in this case the Arctic Ocean food web.